Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a lipid bilayer membrane structure, secreted by most cells, with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm. They contain cell-specific nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites, and other small molecules.
With in-depth research, exosomes have gradually become a research hotspot in the field of translational medicine due to their unique biological properties. Currently, explorations are primarily centered around their potential clinical applications in disease diagnosis and treatment (for neurodegenerative diseases, tumors, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), etc.), regenerative medicine (wound healing, tissue repair, aspects related to general health and wellness, etc.), as well as their use as drug delivery vehicles and in targeted therapy. These areas exhibit broad development prospects.